Enterobiasis - Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
Enterobiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the Enterobius vermicularis, a species of tapeworm that can infect humans. It is also known as pinworm infection or oxyuriasis. The infection occurs when the tapeworm migrates to the intestine and attaches itself to the intestinal wall.
Enterobiasis is one of the most common intestinal parasitic infections worldwide, and it affects people of all ages, although it is more common in children. The infection is usually acquired through the ingestion of contaminated food or water, or through close contact with an infected person.
The symptoms of enterobiasis can vary depending on the severity of the infection, but they may include:
Itching around the anus, especially at night
Abdominal pain and discomfort
Diarrhea or constipation
Vaginal itching in girls
In severe cases, enterobiasis can lead to complications such as intestinal blockage, malnutrition, and rectal prolapse.
The diagnosis of enterobiasis is based on the detection of the tapeworm eggs in the stool or rectal swab. A doctor may also perform a physical examination to look for signs of the infection, such as itching around the anus. In some cases, a blood test may be performed to rule out other conditions.
Treatment of enterobiasis usually involves the use of anti-parasitic drugs, such as praziquantel or albendazole, which are effective against the tapeworm. It is important to follow the treatment instructions carefully and complete the full course of medication to ensure that all the parasites are eliminated.
Prevention measures for enterobiasis include:
Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands frequently, especially after using the bathroom or before handling food
Avoiding close contact with people who have the infection
Cooking food thoroughly and avoiding raw or undercooked meat, especially pork and beef
Keeping the fingernails clean and short to reduce the risk of ingesting tapeworm eggs
Washing fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating them
Avoiding consumption of contaminated water
In addition, it is important to educate children about the proper hygiene practices to prevent the spread of the infection.
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