The Abbasid Caliphate: A Legacy of Cultural and Scientific Achievement

Abbasid Caliphate was the third Islamic caliphate established after the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It was founded by Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, a cousin and companion of the Prophet, in 750 CE. The capital of the Abbasid Caliphate was initially located in Baghdad, but later shifted to Samarra.
The Abbasid Caliphate was known for its cultural and scientific achievements, including the translation of Greek texts into Arabic, the development of algebra, and the creation of beautiful poetry and literature. The caliphs also patronized the arts, building grand palaces and mosques.
However, the Abbasid Caliphate declined in the 10th century CE due to internal conflicts, regional challenges, and the rise of the Seljuk Turks. In 1258 CE, the Mongols invaded and destroyed Baghdad, marking the end of the Abbasid Caliphate.
The Abbasid legacy continues to influence Islamic culture and art today, with many of their architectural achievements still standing as testaments to their greatness.