Understanding A1C Tests: What You Need to Know

A1C, also known as hemoglobin A1C or HbA1C, is a blood test that measures the average amount of glucose (sugar) in your blood over the past 2-3 months. It is used to diagnose and monitor diabetes, as well as to see if your current treatment plan is working effectively.

The A1C test measures the percentage of hemoglobin in your red blood cells that has been glycated, or bound to glucose. When your blood sugar levels are high, the excess glucose binds to hemoglobin in your red blood cells, forming glycated hemoglobin. The higher your average blood sugar levels over time, the more glycated hemoglobin you will have.

The A1C test result is typically reported as a percentage, with a normal range for non-diabetic adults being between 4.5% and 5.6%. A result of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes, while a result between 5.7% and 6.4% is considered prediabetes.

It is important to note that the A1C test is not a perfect measure of blood sugar control, and it may not accurately reflect your blood sugar levels at any given moment. However, it is a useful tool for healthcare providers to monitor blood sugar levels over time and make informed decisions about treatment plans.