Understanding Onychia: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Onychia is a condition where the nails become thickened and brittle, leading to flaking or crumbling of the nail plate. It can affect both fingernails and toenails.

There are several possible causes of onychia, including:

1. Fungal infections: Fungi can infect the nails and cause them to become thick and brittle.
2. Bacterial infections: Bacteria can also infect the nails and cause onychia.
3. Skin conditions: Certain skin conditions, such as psoriasis or eczema, can lead to onychia.
4. Nutritional deficiencies: Deficiencies in nutrients such as vitamin B7 (biotin) or zinc can cause onychia.
5. Systemic diseases: Certain systemic diseases, such as diabetes or thyroid disorders, can cause onychia.
6. Trauma: Injury to the nail bed can cause onychia.
7. Aging: As we age, our nails may become thicker and more brittle, leading to onychia.
8. Genetics: Some people may be more prone to onychia due to their genetic makeup.

Treatment for onychia depends on the underlying cause. Fungal infections may require antifungal medication, while bacterial infections may require antibiotics. Skin conditions such as psoriasis or eczema may require topical creams or systemic medications. Nutritional deficiencies can be addressed with supplements, and systemic diseases may require management of the underlying condition. Trauma to the nail bed may require careful trimming and care of the nails to promote healing.