The Significance of Frustules in Diatom Identification and Classification

Frustules are the outer covering of some algae, such as diatoms. They are made up of silica (opaline) or calcium carbonate and provide protection to the cell against environmental stresses. Frustules are typically found in freshwater environments, but can also be found in marine environments.

Frustules are usually composed of two halves, called valves, which fit together to form a complete shell. The valves are often symmetrical and have a unique shape, which can be used to identify the species of diatom. Some diatoms have frustules that are highly ornamented with spines, ridges, or other features.

The frustule is an important feature of diatoms, as it provides a unique characteristic that can be used to identify and classify different species. Additionally, the study of frustules has contributed significantly to our understanding of the evolution and diversity of diatoms.