Understanding Metastasis: Spread of Cancer Cells to Other Parts of the Body

Metastasis is a term used to describe the spread of cancer cells from the original tumor site to other parts of the body. When cancer cells break away from the primary tumor and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system, they can travel to other parts of the body and form new tumors. This process is called metastasis.

For example, if breast cancer spreads to the lungs, the liver, or the bones, it is said to have metastasized to those organs. The secondary tumors that form in these organs are called metastases.

Metastasis is a common occurrence in many types of cancer, including breast, lung, colon, and prostate cancer. The likelihood of metastasis depends on several factors, such as the type of cancer, the stage of the disease, and the location of the primary tumor.

Treatment for metastatic cancer typically involves a combination of systemic therapies, such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or hormone therapy, and local treatments, such as surgery or radiation therapy, to control the growth of the secondary tumors. The goal of treatment is to slow the growth of the cancer and manage symptoms to improve quality of life.