Understanding Hijackers: Types, Infection Methods, and Prevention Tips
A hijacker is a type of malware that modifies the behavior of a computer's web browser, redirecting the user to unintended websites or causing unwanted changes to the browser's settings.
Hijackers can be classified into several types based on their behavior and the methods they use to infect computers:
1. Browser hijackers: These are the most common type of hijacker, which modify the browser's settings to redirect the user to unintended websites or display unwanted advertisements.
2. Search engine hijackers: These hijackers modify the search engine settings, causing the user to use a different search engine than intended.
3. Startpage hijackers: These hijackers modify the startpage of the browser, causing the user to see an unwanted page when opening the browser.
4. Toolbar hijackers: These hijackers install unwanted toolbars in the browser, which can cause unwanted pop-ups and advertisements.
5. Browser helper object (BHO) hijackers: These hijackers are BHOs that modify the browser's behavior without the user's knowledge or consent.
6. DNS hijackers: These hijackers modify the Domain Name System (DNS) settings of the computer, causing the user to be redirected to unintended websites.
7. Fake antivirus hijackers: These hijackers pose as legitimate antivirus software but instead of protecting the computer, they display fake scan results and ask for payment to remove non-existent threats.
Hijackers can be spread through various means, including:
1. Drive-by downloads: Visiting infected websites or clicking on malicious links can cause the download of hijacker software without the user's knowledge.
2. Infested software: Software packages that are infested with hijackers can be downloaded from untrusted sources or installed using bundled installers.
3. Phishing attacks: Phishing emails and websites can contain hijacker malware, which can be downloaded onto the computer when the user clicks on a link or opens an attachment.
4. Vulnerabilities: Exploiting vulnerabilities in outdated software can allow hijackers to infect the computer.
5. Social engineering: Scammers can use social engineering tactics to trick users into installing hijackers, such as posing as legitimate software updates or security tools.
To avoid falling victim to hijackers, it is important to practice safe browsing habits, such as:
1. Keeping the operating system and software up-to-date with the latest security patches.
2. Avoiding suspicious websites and links.
3. Only downloading software from trusted sources.
4. Being cautious when clicking on links or opening attachments in emails.
5. Using antivirus software and a firewall to protect against malware and unauthorized access.
6. Regularly scanning the computer for malware using reputable antivirus software.
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