Understanding Quantum Mechanics: Key Concepts and Formulas
The charge of an electron is -1.6 x 10^-19 Coulombs.
Q2. What is the mass of an electron ?
Ans: The mass of an electron is approximately 9.1 x 10^-31 kilograms.
Q3. What is the speed of light in vacuum ?
Ans: The speed of light in vacuum is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second (m/s).
Q4. What is the Planck constant ?
Ans: The Planck constant is a fundamental physical constant that relates the energy of a photon to its frequency, and it is approximately equal to 6.626 x 10^-34 joule-seconds (J s).
Q5. What is the Bohr's theory of atom ?
Ans: Bohr's theory of the atom states that an electron in a hydrogen atom occupies a specific energy level, or shell, around the nucleus, and can jump to a higher or lower energy level by emitting or absorbing a photon of a specific energy.
Q6. What is the Rydberg formula ?
Ans: The Rydberg formula is a mathematical expression that relates the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom to its distance from the nucleus, and it is given by:
1/n = (R_h / n^2) + (R_e / n^3)
where n is the energy level of the electron, R_h is the Rydberg constant for the hydrogen atom, and R_e is the Rydberg constant for the electron.
Q7. What is the Schrödinger equation ?
Ans: The Schrödinger equation is a mathematical equation that describes the time-evolution of a quantum mechanical system, such as an atom or a molecule. It is named after Erwin Schrödinger, who introduced it in 1926.
Q8. What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle ?
Ans: The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that there is a fundamental limit to our ability to know certain properties of a quantum mechanical system, such as its position and momentum, simultaneously with infinite precision. It is named after Werner Heisenberg, who introduced it in 1927.
Q9. What is the wave-particle duality ?
Ans: The wave-particle duality is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics that states that particles, such as electrons, can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior depending on how they are observed. This idea was first proposed by Louis de Broglie in 1924.
Q10. What is the Pauli exclusion principle ?
Ans: The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers, which describe the energy, spin, and spatial distribution of the electrons. It was introduced by Wolfgang Pauli in 1925.
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