The History and Evolution of Gambesons: Medieval and Renaissance Protective Armor

Gambeson (also spelled gambison or gamboys) is a type of armor worn by medieval and Renaissance soldiers. It was a padded jack or tunic made of fabric, leather, or a combination of both, which provided protection against blunt weapons and slashing attacks. Gambesons were typically worn under chain mail or plate armor to provide additional protection and comfort. They were also worn by civilians as a form of self-defense.

Gambeson is an Old French word that derives from the Latin "gambe," meaning leg, and "son," meaning garment. The term was first used in the 14th century to describe a type of padded jack worn by soldiers. Over time, the term evolved to include other types of protective clothing, such as breastplates and vambraces.

Gambesons were made in various styles and sizes to fit different body types and purposes. Some gambesons were designed for full-body protection, while others were more like modern-day bulletproof vests, providing protection only for the torso and upper arms. Gambeson makers used a variety of materials, including wool, linen, and leather, to create their products. The padding was typically made of wool or other soft materials, which provided cushioning against blows but did not restrict movement.

Gambesons were popular among soldiers and civilians alike because they were relatively lightweight and affordable compared to more expensive forms of armor like plate armor. They were also easier to move around in, making them ideal for long-distance travel or for people who needed to engage in physical activities while wearing the armor.

Although gambesons are no longer used as a form of military or self-defense equipment, they continue to be popular among historical reenactors and costumers who want to accurately portray medieval and Renaissance soldiers. Modern versions of gambesons are also available for use in martial arts training and for personal protection.