Understanding Meningomyelocele: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Meningomyelocele is a type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain and spinal cord do not properly close during fetal development. It is characterized by an opening in the membranes that cover the brain and spine, which can allow cerebrospinal fluid to escape and expose the brain and other tissues to the outside environment.
This condition is relatively rare, occurring in about 1 in every 100,000 births. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, maternal dietary deficiencies, and certain medications or infections during pregnancy.
Symptoms of meningomyelocele can vary depending on the location and severity of the opening, but may include:
* A bulge or swelling on the baby's head or back
* A soft, fluid-filled sac protruding from the opening
* Abnormal movements or reflexes
* Weakness or paralysis in the face, arms, or legs
* Delayed development or intellectual disability
* Seizures or other neurological problems

Meningomyelocele is typically diagnosed during pregnancy through ultrasound examination or after birth through physical examination and imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans. Treatment for this condition may involve surgery to close the opening and repair any damage to the brain or spinal cord, as well as ongoing management of any related health issues. With appropriate treatment, many children with meningomyelocele can lead normal, healthy lives.