Understanding Polio: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention

Polio, also known as poliomyelitis, is a highly infectious viral disease that can cause paralysis and even death. The virus primarily affects children under the age of five, and it can spread through contact with an infected person's feces or through contaminated food and water.

The term "poliomyelitic" refers to the fact that the virus affects the spinal cord, specifically the gray matter (myelon) in the spine. This can lead to a range of symptoms, including fever, headache, muscle weakness, and paralysis. In severe cases, polio can cause permanent paralysis or even death.

Polio was once a major public health concern, with outbreaks occurring regularly in many parts of the world. However, thanks to widespread vaccination efforts, the number of cases has decreased dramatically since the 1950s. Today, polio is still present in some parts of the world, but it is much less common and is largely confined to areas with poor sanitation and limited access to healthcare.