Understanding Bipartitions in Graph Theory

In graph theory, a bipartition of a graph is a division of its vertex set into two disjoint sets (called partite sets) such that all edges connect vertices from different partite sets. In other words, there are no edges between vertices in the same partite set.

For example, consider a graph with 4 vertices {a,b,c,d} and we divide the vertex set into two parts : {a,b} and {c,d}. The graph is bipartite because all edges connect vertices from different parts.

Bipartition can be used to reduce the complexity of algorithms for graph problems such as graph traversal, shortest path finding, and graph matching.

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