Understanding Calipers: Types, Designs, and Functions

Calipers are a type of brake that uses a pair of opposing pistons to squeeze the brake pads against the rotor (or disc) to slow or stop the vehicle. They are commonly used on cars and other vehicles, and are known for their high performance and responsive braking.

The term "caliper" refers to the metal housing that contains the pistons and brake pads. The caliper is attached to the wheel using a bracket or hub, and the brake fluid flows through the caliper to actuate the pistons. When the brake pedal is pressed, the brake fluid pressure causes the pistons to move outward, which in turn presses the brake pads against the rotor to slow the vehicle.

There are several types of calipers available, including:

* Floating calipers: These are commonly used on high-performance vehicles, and feature a floating design that allows the caliper to move slightly as the brakes are applied. This helps to maintain even pressure on the rotor and improve braking performance.
* Fixed calipers: These are more common on lower-performance vehicles, and feature a fixed design that keeps the caliper in a fixed position relative to the rotor. They are simpler and less expensive than floating calipers, but may not provide the same level of performance.
* Drilled or slotted rotors: Some calipers use drilled or slotted rotors to help dissipate heat and improve braking performance. These rotors have holes or slots cut into them to allow air to flow through and cool the rotor, which helps to prevent overheating and maintain consistent braking performance.

Overall, calipers are an important component of a vehicle's braking system, and play a critical role in slowing or stopping the vehicle. They come in a variety of designs and configurations, and are chosen based on factors such as performance requirements, cost, and ease of maintenance.